Veterinary students have a higher risk of contracting cryptosporidiosis when calves with high fecal cryptosporidium loads are used for fetotomy exercises
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Veterinary students have a higher risk of contracting cryptosporidiosis when calves with high fecal cryptosporidium loads are used for fetotomy exercises. / Thomas-Lopez, Daniel; Müller, Luise; Vestergaard, Lasse S.; Christoffersen, Mette; Andersen, Anne Marie; Jokelainen, Pikka; Agerholm, Jørgen Steen; Stensvold, Christen Rune.
I: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Bind 86, Nr. 19, e01250-20, 2020.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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T1 - Veterinary students have a higher risk of contracting cryptosporidiosis when calves with high fecal cryptosporidium loads are used for fetotomy exercises
AU - Thomas-Lopez, Daniel
AU - Müller, Luise
AU - Vestergaard, Lasse S.
AU - Christoffersen, Mette
AU - Andersen, Anne Marie
AU - Jokelainen, Pikka
AU - Agerholm, Jørgen Steen
AU - Stensvold, Christen Rune
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - An outbreak of cryptosporidiosis among veterinary students performing fetotomy exercises on euthanized calves took place in September 2018 in Denmark. A prospective cohort investigation was performed to identify risk factors and provide guidance for preventing outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis in this setting. Ninetyseven students attended the fetotomy exercises and completed a questionnaire about symptoms and potential risk behavior. Real-time PCR was used to detect Cryptosporidium spp. in stool samples from students and to quantify the fecal parasite load in the calves used for the exercises. gp60 subtyping was carried out for the Cryptosporidium-positive samples. Our case definition was based on participation in a fetotomy exercise, reported symptoms, and laboratory results. Eleven laboratoryconfirmed or probable cases (11%) were identified in two outbreaks during the prospective study period, with attack rates of 4/10 (40%) and 7/9 (78%), respectively. The risk factors for cryptosporidiosis we identified were performing the exercise on a diarrheic calf, reporting visible fecal contamination on the personal protective equipment (PPE), and reporting problems with PPE during the exercise. Cryptosporidium parvum IIaA15G2R1 was detected in both cases and calves. A significantly higher proportion of the calves aged 7 days old and above were positive compared with younger calves. Furthermore, a high fecal Cryptosporidium load in a calf was associated with a higher probability of an outbreak among the students. Based on our results, using noninfected calves for the exercises, appropriate use of PPE, and thorough hand hygiene are recommended to reduce the risk of contracting cryptosporidiosis in connection with fetotomy exercises.
AB - An outbreak of cryptosporidiosis among veterinary students performing fetotomy exercises on euthanized calves took place in September 2018 in Denmark. A prospective cohort investigation was performed to identify risk factors and provide guidance for preventing outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis in this setting. Ninetyseven students attended the fetotomy exercises and completed a questionnaire about symptoms and potential risk behavior. Real-time PCR was used to detect Cryptosporidium spp. in stool samples from students and to quantify the fecal parasite load in the calves used for the exercises. gp60 subtyping was carried out for the Cryptosporidium-positive samples. Our case definition was based on participation in a fetotomy exercise, reported symptoms, and laboratory results. Eleven laboratoryconfirmed or probable cases (11%) were identified in two outbreaks during the prospective study period, with attack rates of 4/10 (40%) and 7/9 (78%), respectively. The risk factors for cryptosporidiosis we identified were performing the exercise on a diarrheic calf, reporting visible fecal contamination on the personal protective equipment (PPE), and reporting problems with PPE during the exercise. Cryptosporidium parvum IIaA15G2R1 was detected in both cases and calves. A significantly higher proportion of the calves aged 7 days old and above were positive compared with younger calves. Furthermore, a high fecal Cryptosporidium load in a calf was associated with a higher probability of an outbreak among the students. Based on our results, using noninfected calves for the exercises, appropriate use of PPE, and thorough hand hygiene are recommended to reduce the risk of contracting cryptosporidiosis in connection with fetotomy exercises.
KW - Cattle
KW - Cryptosporidium
KW - Diarrhea
KW - One health
KW - Outbreak
KW - Zoonosis
U2 - 10.1128/AEM.01250-20
DO - 10.1128/AEM.01250-20
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 32709724
AN - SCOPUS:85091263878
VL - 86
JO - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
SN - 0099-2240
IS - 19
M1 - e01250-20
ER -
ID: 249774330