The quadriceps angle: reliability and accuracy in a fox (Vulpes vulpes) pelvic limb model
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The quadriceps angle : reliability and accuracy in a fox (Vulpes vulpes) pelvic limb model. / Miles, James Edward; Frederiksen, Jane V.; Jensen, Bente Rona; Kirpensteijn, Jolle; Svalastoga, Eiliv Lars; Eriksen, Thomas.
I: Veterinary Surgery, Bind 41, Nr. 3, 2012, s. 422-429.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The quadriceps angle
T2 - reliability and accuracy in a fox (Vulpes vulpes) pelvic limb model
AU - Miles, James Edward
AU - Frederiksen, Jane V.
AU - Jensen, Bente Rona
AU - Kirpensteijn, Jolle
AU - Svalastoga, Eiliv Lars
AU - Eriksen, Thomas
PY - 2012
Y1 - 2012
N2 - OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect of measurement technique and limb positioning on quadriceps (Q) angle measurement, intra- and interobserver reliability, potential sources of error, and the effect of Q angle variation.STUDY DESIGN:Cadaveric radiographic study and computer modeling.ANIMALS:Pelvic limbs from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes).METHODS:Q angles were measured on hip dysplasia (HD) and whole limb (WL) view radiographs of each limb between the acetabular rim, mid-point (Q1: patellar center, Q2: femoral trochlea), and tibial tuberosity. Errors of 0.5-2.0 mm at measurement landmarks alone and in combination were modeled to identify the effect on Q angle. The effect of measured Q angles on the medial force exerted on the patella (F(MEDIAL) ) was calculated.RESULTS:The HD position yielded significantly (P < .001) more medial Q angles than the WL position. No significant difference was observed between Q1 and Q2, but Bland-Altman plots indicated they were not equivalent. Intra- and interobserver agreement was substantial. Q2 errors were inherently greater than Q1: the mid-point and tibial tuberosity are the most important sources of Q angle variability. Increasing Q angles significantly increased the exerted F(MEDIAL) (P < .0001, gradient 1.7%).CONCLUSIONS:Measurements are reliable, but Q2 is more prone to error than Q1, and the 2 measurement techniques are not interchangeable. Positional errors must be kept below 1.3 mm (Q1) or 0.8 mm (Q2).
AB - OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect of measurement technique and limb positioning on quadriceps (Q) angle measurement, intra- and interobserver reliability, potential sources of error, and the effect of Q angle variation.STUDY DESIGN:Cadaveric radiographic study and computer modeling.ANIMALS:Pelvic limbs from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes).METHODS:Q angles were measured on hip dysplasia (HD) and whole limb (WL) view radiographs of each limb between the acetabular rim, mid-point (Q1: patellar center, Q2: femoral trochlea), and tibial tuberosity. Errors of 0.5-2.0 mm at measurement landmarks alone and in combination were modeled to identify the effect on Q angle. The effect of measured Q angles on the medial force exerted on the patella (F(MEDIAL) ) was calculated.RESULTS:The HD position yielded significantly (P < .001) more medial Q angles than the WL position. No significant difference was observed between Q1 and Q2, but Bland-Altman plots indicated they were not equivalent. Intra- and interobserver agreement was substantial. Q2 errors were inherently greater than Q1: the mid-point and tibial tuberosity are the most important sources of Q angle variability. Increasing Q angles significantly increased the exerted F(MEDIAL) (P < .0001, gradient 1.7%).CONCLUSIONS:Measurements are reliable, but Q2 is more prone to error than Q1, and the 2 measurement techniques are not interchangeable. Positional errors must be kept below 1.3 mm (Q1) or 0.8 mm (Q2).
U2 - 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2011.00936.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2011.00936.x
M3 - Journal article
VL - 41
SP - 422
EP - 429
JO - Veterinary Surgery
JF - Veterinary Surgery
SN - 0161-3499
IS - 3
ER -
ID: 43682008